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Mai Aiwatarwa · Mai Saurin Ji kuma Mai Fafutuka

Jarumi, mai aiki da zahiri, mai son gasa, mai yin abu nan take.

  • EMai son jama’aSon jama’a
  • SMai aiki da zahiriBuɗaɗɗen tunani
  • TMai tsauriSauƙin kai
  • PMai sassauciƘwazo
  • RMai saurin jiNatsuwar zuciya
  • AMai buriGaskiya da tawali’u

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A taƙaice

Kuna son jama’a, kuna karkata ga aiki, kuna magana kai tsaye kuma kuna saurin sabawa. Kun fi jin daɗin yanayi mai sauri, gasa da warware matsaloli nan take fiye da tsara abubuwa na nesa.

Kuna jin motsin rai da ƙarfi (natsuwar zuciya ƙarama) kuma matsayi da karɓuwa suna motsa ku (gaskiya da tawali’u ƙanana). Burin samun nasara zai iya zama inji mai ƙarfi. Ku yi hattara da damuwar da take zuwa idan kuka ɗaura darajarku da sakamako.

Haruffa shida

E
Son jama’a
Mai son jama’a

Mutane suna ba ku kuzari, kuna magana cikin sauƙi kuma kuna saurin shiga hira.

S
Buɗaɗɗen tunani
Mai aiki da zahiri

Kun fi son abubuwa na zahiri, waɗanda aka tabbatar kuma masu amfani, kuma kuna amincewa da gogewa fiye da ka’ida.

T
Sauƙin kai
Mai tsauri

Kuna magana kai tsaye, kuna da shakka kuma kuna son gasa, kuma kuna sa gaskiya da sakamako a gaban jituwa.

P
Ƙwazo
Mai sassauci

Kuna yin abu nan take kuma kuna saurin sabawa da yanayi. Kuna son barin hanyoyi a buɗe kuma kuna aiki ta hanyar fashewar kuzari.

R
Natsuwar zuciya
Mai saurin ji

Kuna jin motsin rai da ƙarfi kuma kuna saurin lura da damuwa da haɗari. Fargaba da sauyin yanayin zuciya suna zuwa muku cikin sauƙi fiye da yawancin mutane.

A
Gaskiya da tawali’u
Mai buri

Matsayi, nasara da karɓuwa suna motsa ku, ba ku da takura wajen tallata kanku, kuma kuna shirye ku buga wasan don ku ci gaba.

Yadda sifofinku suke haɗuwa

  • Mutane suna ba ku kuzari, amma kuna saurin jin abubuwa a rai, don haka wataƙila kuna neman mutane idan kuna cikin damuwa. Ku zaɓi mutanen da suke kwantar muku da hankali, ba waɗanda suke ƙara muku fargaba ba.
  • Ƙarancin tsari da saurin jin damuwa za su iya rura juna: ranakun ƙarshe da aka wuce suna kawo damuwa, damuwa kuma tana sa tsarawa ya yi wuya. Ƙananan halaye na waje suna karya wannan zagaye.

Ƙarfi

  • Kuna saurin sabawa idan tsare-tsare suka canza, kuma ba ku da takura wajen ƙirƙirar mafita nan take.
  • Wannan sifa tana sauyawa sosai. A matsakaici, mutane suna ƙara samun natsuwar zuciya yayin da suke ƙara shekaru.[1]
  • Ana iya yin tasiri a kanta. A wani nazari na tsari kan binciken tsoma baki (yawancinsu na jinyar tunani), natsuwar zuciya ce ta fi sauyawa a cikin dukkan sifofi.[2]
  • Son jama’a ita ce sifar da ta fi daidaito wajen alaƙa da wanda yake fitowa a matsayin shugaba a cikin ƙungiyoyi.[3]
  • A matsakaici, masu son jama’a suna ba da rahoton ƙarin jin daɗin rai.[4]
  • Kuna saurin gina hanyar sadarwa da mutane, wanda yake taimakawa ga damammakin da suke zuwa ta hanyar shawarwarin mutane.
  • Kuna mai da hankali kan abin da yake aiki, kuma ba kasafai sabon abu yake jan ku ba saboda kawai sabo ne.
  • Sau da yawa kuna kawo hangen zahiri mai natsuwa a cikin ƙungiyoyin da ra’ayoyi marasa zahiri suka ɗauke hankalinsu.
  • Kuna iya ba da ra’ayi mai kaifi, yin ciniki da ƙarfi da yanke shawarwarin da ba kowa ne yake so ba.
  • Ƙarancin sauƙin kai yana da alaƙa da samun kuɗi mafi yawa, musamman a wajen maza.[5]
  • Ci gaba yana ba ku ƙwarin gwiwa, kuma ba ku da takura a gasa, tallata kai da sakamakon da ake iya gani.
  • Abubuwan da suke motsa ku kamar matsayi da kuɗi (waɗanda bisa ma’ana suna cikin wannan sifa) sun dace da abubuwan ƙarfafawa kamar kamashon, hannun jari a kamfani ko hanyar hawa matakin gudanarwa.

Abubuwan lura

  • Yawan saurin damuwa yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi da cututtukan fargaba da baƙin ciki mai tsanani da kuma shaye-shaye. Idan kuna cikin wani lokaci mai wahala yanzu, taimakon ƙwararru yana aiki.[6][2]
  • Saurin damuwa ita ce alaƙa mafi ƙarfi (mara kyau) tsakanin hali da gamsuwa da aiki.[7]
  • Ƙarancin ƙwazo yana da alaƙa da jinkirta abubuwa da halaye masu haɗari ga lafiya (abinci, motsa jiki, shaye-shaye).[8][9]
  • A dukkan ayyuka, ƙarancin ƙwazo a matsakaici yana hasashen ƙarancin ƙwazon aiki.[10]
  • Ƙarancin gaskiya da tawali’u yana haɗuwa sosai da “dark triad” (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy).[11]
  • Ita ce sifa a tsarin HEXACO da ta fi alaƙa mai ƙarfi da halaye masu cutarwa a wurin aiki.[12]
  • Mutanen da suke ƙasa a wannan sifa ba sa yawan haɗa kai a wasannin tattalin arziki da suka dogara da aminci. Abin da ake rasawa shi ne kyakkyawan suna da aminci na dogon lokaci.[13]
  • Ƙarancin sauƙin kai yana hasashen hanyoyi masu ɓarna a rashin jituwa.[14]
  • A yankuna 10 na duniya, ƙarancin sauƙin kai yana da alaƙa da rashin aminci a dangantaka.[15]
  • A wani bincike na fili, manajoji masu son jama’a sun sami sakamako mafi rauni wajen jagorantar ƙungiyoyi masu ƙwazo, saboda ba su buɗe kunne sosai ga ra’ayoyin ’yan ƙungiya ba.[16]
  • A wani binciken sayarwa, mutane masu matsakaicin son jama’a (“ambiverts”) sun fi sayarwa fiye da masu tsananin son jama’a, waɗanda wataƙila an ga kamar suna tilastawa.[17]
  • Buɗaɗɗen tunani yana hasashen nasara a horo. A fannonin da suke sauyawa da sauri, ku yi tsammanin ƙarin ƙoƙarin koyo.[10]
  • Wataƙila kuna saurin ƙin ra’ayoyin da ba ku saba da su ba. Ku fara gwada su a ƙaramin mataki kafin ku yanke shawara.

Aiki da sana’a

Fannonin sha’awa da sifofinku suke karkata zuwa gare su (Holland RIASEC)[18]
Na kasuwanci: Jagoranci, rinjayarwa, sayarwa da gina kasuwanci.
Wanda ya kafa kamfaniManajan sayarwaLauyaManajan tallace-tallaceManajan kayayyakiDillalin gidaje da filaye
Na zamantakewa: Koyarwa, taimako, hidima da raya mutane.
MalamiMa’aikacin jinyaMai ba da shawaraMa’aikacin jin daɗin jama’aMai jinyar motsa jikiƘwararren kula da ma’aikata
Na zahiri: Aikin hannu da kayan aiki, injuna, tsirrai ko dabbobi.
Mai aikin lantarkiMakanikin jirgin samaInjiniyan gine-gineMai auna ƙasaMai dafa abinciMai kula da namun daji

Hali yana hasashen sha’awa kaɗan ne kawai, don haka ku ɗauki waɗannan a matsayin wurin farawa. Sha’awarku, ƙwarewarku da ƙa’idodinku sun fi nau’i muhimmanci.

Waɗanne sana’o’i ne suka dace da sha’awarku? Gwajin sana’a (da Turanci) →

  • Ayyuka masu ɗawainiya dabam-dabam da saurin samun martani sun dace da ku. Ku aro tsari daga kayan aiki, ranakun ƙarshe da abokan aiki.
  • Son jama’a yana hasashen ƙwazon aiki musamman a matsayin gudanarwa da sayarwa.[10]
  • Son jama’a yana da matsakaiciyar alaƙa da sha’awar kasuwanci da kafa kamfani, kuma alaƙarsa da sha’awar zamantakewa ta fi rauni.[18]
  • Ƙarancin buɗaɗɗen tunani yana da alaƙa da ƙarancin sha’awar ayyukan fasaha da na bincike. Sau da yawa matsayi na zahiri, na aikin hannu da masu bin ƙa’idoji sun fi dacewa.[18]
  • A matsakaici, masu kafa kamfani suna da ɗan ƙarancin sauƙin kai fiye da manajoji.[19]
  • Kuna iya yin nasara inda ake daraja ra’ayi na suka: binciken kuɗi, shari’a, zuba jari, kula da inganci ko gyaran rubutu.
  • Hasashen yanayin aiki, iko kan yawan aiki da shugaban da yake goyon bayanku sun fi muhimmanci a gare ku. Ku yi la’akari da su lokacin zaɓar aiki.
  • Fannoni masu gasa da manyan lada kamar sayarwa, kafa kasuwanci, tattaunawar ciniki da matsayin da ake biya bisa ƙwazo sun dace da abubuwan da suke motsa ku. Bayyanannun ƙa’idojin ɗabi’a suna kare amincin da dogon aiki yake dogara da shi.

Soyayya da dangantaka

  • Saurin damuwa yana hasashen ƙarancin gamsuwa da ɗorewa a dangantaka. Idan kuka faɗi abin da yake damun ku (“ina cikin damuwa, ban yi fushi da kai ba”), kuna taimaka wa masoyinku ya mayar da martani yadda ya dace.[20][21]
  • Sauƙin kai na masoyi yana da alaƙa da gamsuwa. Ku haɗa suka da karimci da ake iya gani a fili.[20]
  • A yankuna 10 na duniya, ƙarancin ƙwazo yana da alaƙa da rashin aminci a dangantaka. Bayyanannun yarjejeniyoyi suna taimakawa.[15]
  • Ƙwazon masoyi yana da alaƙa da gamsuwa: cika ƙananan alkawura yana da muhimmanci.[20]
  • Ana gina aminci ta hanyar daidaito. Da lokaci, masoyi zai lura da fadanci da nuna abin da ba haka yake ba.[11]
  • Son jama’a na masoyi yana da raunanniyar alaƙa da gamsuwa a dangantaka. Bai kai muhimmancin natsuwar zuciya, sauƙin kai ko ƙwazo ba.[20]
  • Idan masoyinku ya fi son kaɗaici, ku yarda da wuri kan yawan lokacin zamantakewa da kowannenku yake so. Wannan bambanci ne da aka saba gani kuma ana iya warware shi.
  • A matsakaici, bambance-bambancen buɗaɗɗen tunani tsakanin masoya suna da ƙaramin tasiri a kan gamsuwa.[20][22]

Abota

  • Masu son jama’a suna saurin samun sababbin abokai kuma a ƙarshe suna da faffaɗan da’irar abokai.[23][24]
  • Babbar hanyar sadarwa ba ta tabbatar da abota ta kurkusa ba. Ku ware lokaci kuma don haɗuwa ɗaya da ɗaya.
  • Abokan da suke daraja gaskiya za su daraja ku. Wasu kuma wataƙila za su buƙaci ku sassauta yadda kuke faɗin abu.
  • Zama da ku yana da daɗi kuma kuna ƙarfafa gwiwa. Ku tabbatar abokanku suna jin kuna daraja su don yadda suke, ba don abin da za su iya ba ku ba.
  • Zama da ku yana da daɗi kuma yana da sauƙi a jitu da ku. Ku saka tunatarwa don ranakun haihuwa da tuntuɓar mutane.
  • Sau da yawa kuna lura idan abokai suna cikin wahala. Ku zaɓi abokan da su ma za su iya karɓar yadda kuke ji.
  • Sau da yawa ana gina abotarku a kan ayyukan da kuke yi tare (wasanni, gyaran abubuwa, girki).

Damuwa da walwala

  • Saurin damuwa shi ne mai hasashe mara kyau mafi ƙarfi na hali ga walwala. Barci, motsa jiki da jinyar da ta dogara da shaida (misali jinyar tunani da ɗabi’a, CBT) suna kawo babban bambanci.[25][2]
  • Son jama’a yana daga cikin alaƙoƙi mafi ƙarfi tsakanin hali da jin daɗin rai da gamsuwa da rayuwa.[25]
  • Ƙwazo yana da alaƙa da gamsuwa da rayuwa, don haka saka jari a tsarin waje yana da riba.[25]
  • Ƙarancin sauƙin kai yana da raunanniyar alaƙa ne kawai da ƙarancin walwala.[25]
  • Gaskiya da tawali’u suna da alaƙa da sakamako da yawa masu amfani ga al’umma. Dangantakar da aka gina a kan adalci daga ɓangarorin biyu tana ƙara ɗorewa.[26]
  • Buɗaɗɗen tunani yana da raunanniyar alaƙa ne kawai da gamsuwa da rayuwa. Kasancewa mai aiki da zahiri ba ya rage walwalarku.[25]

Ci gaba

  • A binciken sauya sifofi da gangan, ƙoƙari na da gangan don ƙara natsuwa ya kawo sauyi da ake iya aunawa.[27]
  • Mutanen da suka kafa takamaiman manufofin sauya wata sifa sun nuna sauyi da ake iya aunawa cikin ’yan watanni.[27]
  • Kafin ku ƙalubalanci wani, ku taƙaita matsayinsa ta yadda shi kansa zai yarda da shi.
  • Ku saba da yin tambayoyi kafin ku faɗi ra’ayinku. Wannan yana taimakawa musamman a ƙungiyoyi masu ƙwazo.[16]
  • Ku zaɓi fanni ɗaya da za ku kasance cikakken mai bayyana gaskiya. Da lokaci, wannan yakan zama kyakkyawan suna.
  • Ku ƙara sabuwar ƙwarewa ko sabon abu ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya, kuma ku haɗa shi da wani abu mai amfani da kuke yi tuni.

Yaya ƙarfin waɗannan sakamako yake?

Alaƙar da ke tsakanin sifofi da sakamakon rayuwa da aka ambata a nan gaskiya ce kuma ana iya maimaita ta, amma kowacce ita kaɗai ƙarama ce. Alaƙar da aka saba gani ita ce r ≈ 0.10–0.30, wato sifofi suna sauya yiwuwa ne maimakon su yanke sakamako. Wani babban aikin maimaita bincike ya tabbatar da kusan kashi 87% na alaƙar da aka gwada, yawanci da tasiri ɗan ƙasa da wanda aka ruwaito tun farko.[30] Layukan da ba su da majiya shawarwari ne na aiki, ba sakamakon bincike ba.

Majiyoyi

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  2. Roberts, B. W., Luo, J., Briley, D. A., Chow, P. I., Su, R., & Hill, P. L. (2017). A systematic review of personality trait change through intervention. Psychological Bulletin, 143(2), 117–141.
  3. Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002). Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 765–780.
  4. Lucas, R. E., & Fujita, F. (2000). Factors influencing the relation between extraversion and pleasant affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(6), 1039–1056.
  5. Judge, T. A., Livingston, B. A., & Hurst, C. (2012). Do nice guys—and gals—really finish last? The joint effects of sex and agreeableness on income. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(2), 390–407.
  6. Kotov, R., Gamez, W., Schmidt, F., & Watson, D. (2010). Linking "big" personality traits to anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 768–821.
  7. Judge, T. A., Heller, D., & Mount, M. K. (2002). Five-factor model of personality and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 530–541.
  8. Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65–94.
  9. Bogg, T., & Roberts, B. W. (2004). Conscientiousness and health-related behaviors: A meta-analysis of the leading behavioral contributors to mortality. Psychological Bulletin, 130(6), 887–919.
  10. Barrick, M. R., & Mount, M. K. (1991). The Big Five personality dimensions and job performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 44(1), 1–26.
  11. Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2005). Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism in the Five-Factor Model and the HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(7), 1571–1582.
  12. Pletzer, J. L., Bentvelzen, M., Oostrom, J. K., & de Vries, R. E. (2019). A meta-analysis of the relations between personality and workplace deviance: Big Five versus HEXACO. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112, 369–383.
  13. Thielmann, I., Spadaro, G., & Balliet, D. (2020). Personality and prosocial behavior: A theoretical framework and meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 146(1), 30–90.
  14. Jensen-Campbell, L. A., & Graziano, W. G. (2001). Agreeableness as a moderator of interpersonal conflict. Journal of Personality, 69(2), 323–362.
  15. Schmitt, D. P. (2004). The Big Five related to risky sexual behaviour across 10 world regions: Differential personality associations of sexual promiscuity and relationship infidelity. European Journal of Personality, 18(4), 301–319.
  16. Grant, A. M., Gino, F., & Hofmann, D. A. (2011). Reversing the extraverted leadership advantage: The role of employee proactivity. Academy of Management Journal, 54(3), 528–550.
  17. Grant, A. M. (2013). Rethinking the extraverted sales ideal: The ambivert advantage. Psychological Science, 24(6), 1024–1030.
  18. Larson, L. M., Rottinghaus, P. J., & Borgen, F. H. (2002). Meta-analyses of Big Six interests and Big Five personality factors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(2), 217–239.
  19. Zhao, H., & Seibert, S. E. (2006). The Big Five personality dimensions and entrepreneurial status: A meta-analytical review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(2), 259–271.
  20. Malouff, J. M., Thorsteinsson, E. B., Schutte, N. S., Bhullar, N., & Rooke, S. E. (2010). The five-factor model of personality and relationship satisfaction of intimate partners: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 124–127.
  21. Karney, B. R., & Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, method, and research. Psychological Bulletin, 118(1), 3–34.
  22. Dyrenforth, P. S., Kashy, D. A., Donnellan, M. B., & Lucas, R. E. (2010). Predicting relationship and life satisfaction from personality in nationally representative samples from three countries: The relative importance of actor, partner, and similarity effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(4), 690–702.
  23. Selfhout, M., Burk, W., Branje, S., Denissen, J., van Aken, M., & Meeus, W. (2010). Emerging late adolescent friendship networks and Big Five personality traits: A social network approach. Journal of Personality, 78(2), 509–538.
  24. Harris, K., & Vazire, S. (2016). On friendship development and the Big Five personality traits. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 10(11), 647–667.
  25. Steel, P., Schmidt, J., & Shultz, J. (2008). Refining the relationship between personality and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 134(1), 138–161.
  26. Zettler, I., Thielmann, I., Hilbig, B. E., & Moshagen, M. (2020). The nomological net of the HEXACO model of personality: A large-scale meta-analytic investigation. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(3), 723–760.
  27. Hudson, N. W., & Fraley, R. C. (2015). Volitional personality trait change: Can people choose to change their personality traits? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109(3), 490–507.
  28. McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1989). Reinterpreting the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator from the perspective of the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 57(1), 17–40.
  29. Ashton, M. C., & Lee, K. (2007). Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11(2), 150–166.
  30. Soto, C. J. (2019). How replicable are links between personality traits and consequential life outcomes? The Life Outcomes of Personality Replication Project. Psychological Science, 30(5), 711–727.

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